Introduction: The lack of a proper structure in the management of medical equipment can cause a waste of health resources. This article was written due to the importance of medical equipment in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of patients with the aim of investigating the challenges of the medical equipment management structure in Iran. Methods: The current research is a review study that was conducted through searching in reliable scientific sources such as Springer, Elsevier Pubmed, Google scholar and other Persian information sources such as Magiran, SID, Irandoc. Keywords such as Medical Equipment Management, Concentration, Formality and Complexity were used to search Persian & English sources. Results: The structure of medical equipment management can improve the performance of a hospital and in another sense can be the basis for the evaluation of hospital units. The performance of medical equipment in the hospital is very vital to the main mission of the hospital due to guaranteeing the patient's safety, and the weakness in the performance of this department and the lack of attention to the vital components in this department can make the hospitals face failure or ineffective performance. Conclusion: The design of the model of the management structure of government medical equipment is needed to improve the structure of the mentioned area and the optimal management of medical equipment.

Objective: In many countries, the advancements in information technologies and the decentralized computing method has inspired hope to take advantage of modern information technologies, such as artificial intelligence, in order to overcome the unique challenges in global health including the coronavirus crisis. The following study tries to examine the possible future scenarios in the industry, with the aim of discovering new opportunities to increase health and quality of life.Findings: Considering the research literature, seventeen drivers, which had affected the research in three dimensions, were identified and the Delphi method was used for the accuracy of confirmation, their rankings and for the calculation of their certainty. The relationships between the drivers and the identified dimensions were measured and confirmed in the form of hypotheses and model presentations by structural equation methods. Using the cross-matrix method, five drivers were identified as risk and goal. Finally, through the identification of uncertainty and risk and goal drivers, four scenarios were developed.Conclusion: Conclusion: The treatment structure and medical equipment influenced by COVID-19 pandemic conditions and due to the growth rate, optimal and intelligent application of modern digital technologies creates a wide-ranging evolution in this field and illustrates the possibility of achieving a desired future by taking advantage of the scenario of the formation of an interconnected global society and the realization of global health in the interaction of artificial intelligence drivers, novel production demands, sanctions, internet of things (IoT) and blockchain.

Standard is a license for rules, guidelines or features for activities that is approved for repeated use and its purpose is to achieve a desirable level of order and compliance with laws. Therefore, it should be said that the standard is based on the results of science, techniques and experiences of different people and organizations. Standardization are the important and necessary processes for the sustainable development of various industries and technologies, and their formulation and implementation are vital for the sustainable development of various technologies. The purpose of standardization by the International Standard Organization is to improve quality, safety, efficiency, reliability, interchangeability and compatibility. As a product related to people's health; medical laser equipment must also have standards so that its performance can be trusted. The goal of standardization of medical equipment is to achieve products with minimum requirements for safety and efficiency. This article considers the standards of medical laser equipment, which are essential for users to be familiar with. Standards act as frameworks for the design and production of medical equipment and ensure the safety of patients. They include specific requirements for safe design, safety tests and ease of use. By complying with these standards, manufacturers can produce high quality and efficient products and receive the relevant certificates. Medical laser products are in the range of certain wavelengths and due to optical hazards, they must meet certain safety requirements that are included in the standards introduced in the article. Standards and requirements related to medical electrical equipment have also been addressed, including special requirements for laser and non-laser products. And to ensure the safety of users, protective glasses and their specifications, which must be in accordance with international standards, are described. Compliance and familiarity with these standards are necessary for all operators of the medical equipment industry to ensure product is safe and have good quality.

One of the existing worries in health part is decreasing probability coefficient of bodily injuries from medical equipment. These injuries legally speaking are much important too. Because there are different disciplinary and criminal cases against actors and abettors of these injuries in disciplinary and judicial courts. Prevention of these crimes and torts also is one of the important goals of judicial system. Present research with criminological aspect has searched the reasons of bodily injuries due to equipment and abusing them and prevention methods of accession of injuries. This search is formed by giving questionnaires to medical commission experts in legal medical office of Tehran. The results show that the element of entering medical equipment with low quality and not trueborn and smuggled to medical institutions has the most effect in increasing probability coefficient of inflecting injuries. Twelve methods for fighting and prevention of injuries due to medical equipment are suggested that legislative ways containing criminal and control ways and educative and technical methods are their most important ones.

Introduction: From the point of view of health economics, medical equipment has a special place and a large part of the capital of medical centers and medical institutions is spent on maintenance and modernization of this equipment he purpose of this study is the relationship between employing a medical equipment expert and the cost of purchasing medical equipment in the units covered by Marand Health Center. Methods: The present study is an analytical research in terms of implementation method. And from the perspective of the result, it is practical. Data collection method in this study was done with the library method and data collection tool was filing. Statistics and financial documents related to the costs of purchasing medical equipment of the units covered by Marand Health Center and comparing this cost in the years when the medical equipment expert was present (1996-97) with the years when the medical equipment expert was not present in the center (1994)-95) was done. All collected data were taken based on the base discount rate of 1997. For descriptive analysis of data, cumulative percentage and frequency percentage statistics, and for inferential analysis proportional to the levels of measurement of variables, statistics such as paired correlated t have been used. Results: The results of statistical tests show that there is a significant difference between the costs of purchasing medical equipment in employing a medical equipment expert and not employing a medical equipment expert with PValu. <0. 005. Conclusion: Considering that there was a relationship between employing a medical equipment expert and the costs of purchasing medical equipment in the units covered by the city health center, it is recommended to health managers to prevent equipment disruptions and impose purchasing costs without a medical equipment program at the health center level. Maintenance of medical equipment As well as the management of medical equipment in the treatment department, use the presence of independent experts and technical staff of medical equipment in the health centers of the cities.

The field of electronic human resoures has turned out to be an importantfield in organization and particularly in human resoures of organizations in recent years. In this study, the main objective is to identify and demonstrate the relationship between factors and the success of electronic human resource management systems. In this regard, literature on this topic is studied and collecting indicators have been classified them into four groups of technological, organizational, behavioral, and environmental factors. The statistical population of this study is HR professionals and employees of companies that bought e-HRM software from System Group in Tehran. The sampling process was done and sample size of 297 was estimated. The method of research in this study is descriptive/survey. For data collection, a questionnaire of 43 items used. Finally, 270 questionnares were gathered and analyzed with LISREL and SPSS softwares. the result show that there is a significant relationship between factors and success of electronic human resources management systems.

Background: One of the major bottlenecks for costs of health care system is medical equipment, where more than 30% of costs for hospital beds are dedicated to medical equipment. Considering the importance of the subject, the aim of this paper is to review the status of medical equipment maintenance management for decision- making and policy making authorities.Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study with sample size of 190 participants who were selected by census method, exerted in the NAJA hospitals. Data gathering was done by questionnaire, interviews and documents. Validity and reliability of questionnaire were approved by content validity and retest. Data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistics (ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation).Results: Results showed that in the dimensions of maintenance management in hospitals, there is a significant difference between mean scores. Iran hospital has the highest rank out of 7 hospitals and Asr has the lowest mean score. In NAJA hospitals, dimensions of directing and coordinating had the highest (3.28), where planning had the lowest score (2.84). Average scores given by men were higher than women. Marital status, education, type of degree and type of employment had no effect on scoring. There is no correlation be-tween age and years of service with scoring. 68.6 percent of participants were agreed and 31.4 percent opposed current chart of maintenance management.Conclusion: NAJA hospitals are in good condition in aspects of medical equipment maintenance management; however, it is obligatory to make more efforts to improve the situation by continuous education and reconsidering current organization chart.